AllABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ A Adhyaksha Definition: High-ranking superintendents responsible for specific administrative departments such as agriculture, mining, or metallurgy. Learn More → Anekantavada Definition: A core Jain philosophical doctrine meaning 'many-sidedness of reality,' asserting that truth is complex... Learn More → Angel Tax Definition: A provision under income tax law that taxes capital raised by unlisted companies when... Learn More → Anuloma Definition: A form of marriage discussed in texts like the Chandogya Upanishad, where a man... Learn More → Anuvrata Definition: The 'small vows' prescribed for Jain householders, promoting ethical conduct without complete renunciation.• UPSC... Learn More → Article 324 Article 324 deals with the Election Commission. It vests the power of superintendence, direction, and... Learn More → Aryan Definition: In the historical context of the Vedic age, this term denotes a linguistic or... Learn More → Ayas Definition: The general Vedic term for metal. The Rigvedic Aryans knew gold and copper/bronze (often... Learn More → B Bali Definition: A religious or voluntary tax paid by subjects to the state or king; Ashoka... Learn More → Balisadhaka Special officers appointed by the King to collect compulsory taxes (formerly voluntary Bali) from peasants,... Learn More → Banawali A site located on the Saraswati river in Haryana. Prelims Pointer: While Kalibangan has the field,... Learn More → Bank Rate Definition: The rate at which the RBI re-discounts bills of exchange and extends long-term credit... Learn More → Base Effect Definition: Base effect refers to the influence of last year’s price level on the current... Learn More → Basel III Norms Definition: International banking regulations designed to strengthen bank capital and liquidity buffers.Key Points for Prelims:•... Learn More → Bhaga Definition: The king’s share of agricultural produce, generally fixed at one-sixth of the total yield;... Learn More → Bharatmala Pariyojana Definition: A highway development programme focusing on economic corridors and border roads.Key Prelims Traps:Focus on... Learn More → BharatNet Definition: A flagship programme to provide broadband connectivity to all Gram Panchayats.Key Prelims Traps:Implemented by... Learn More → BHASKAR Definition: (Bharat Startup Knowledge Access Registry) - A centralized digital registry connecting startups, investors, mentors,... Learn More → Bhumisparsha Mudra Definition: A symbolic hand gesture depicting the Buddha touching the earth to bear witness to... Learn More → BioE3 Policy Definition: Biotechnology policy for economy, environment and employment.Key Pointers:• Emphasises biofoundries.• Linked to net-zero goals.•... Learn More → Biofortification Definition: Biofortification is the process of enhancing the nutritional content of crops during their growth... Learn More → Bodhisattva Definition: In Mahayana Buddhism, a being who postpones personal liberation (Nirvana) in order to help... Learn More → BOT Model Definition: Build-Operate-Transfer model where private entity builds and operates asset for concession period.Key Prelims Traps:Ownership... Learn More → Brahmavadini Definition: Learned women in the Vedic period who had access to education and composed hymns... Learn More → Bronze Dancing Girl - A masterpiece of Harappan art found at Mohenjodaro. Prelims Pointer: It was made using the... Learn More → C Capital Formation Definition: Capital formation refers to the creation of physical assets such as machinery, tools, and... Learn More → Cash Reserve Ratio Definition: The percentage of Net Demand and Time Liabilities (NDTL) that banks must maintain as... Learn More → Central Bank Digital Currency Definition: A digital form of sovereign currency issued by the RBI and recognized as legal... Learn More → Chaitya Definition: A Buddhist prayer hall or shrine, typically housing a stupa and used for congregational... Learn More → Chanhudaro An industrial center located on the Indus River in Pakistan. Prelims Pointer: This is the only... Learn More → Circular Flow of Income Definition: The circular flow of income model shows how income and expenditure move between households... Learn More → Closed Economy Definition: A closed economy is one that does not engage in international trade or financial... Learn More → Composition Scheme Definition: A simplified GST scheme for small taxpayers allowing tax payment at a lower fixed... Learn More → Consolidated Fund of India Definition: The primary fund of the Government of India under Article 266 into which all... Learn More → Cooperative Federalism Definition: A governance approach where Centre and States work as equal partners in development.Key Points... Learn More → Coral Reefs Coral reefs are underwater ecosystems formed by the secretion of calcium carbonate skeletons by tiny... Learn More → Core Inflation Definition: Core inflation measures inflation after excluding volatile components like food and fuel, to capture... Learn More → Critical Mineral Recycling Incentive Scheme A Centrally Sponsored Scheme under the Ministry of Mines to promote recycling of critical minerals... Learn More → Cropping Intensity Definition: Cropping Intensity measures how efficiently agricultural land is used during a year. It is... Learn More → D Dedicated Freight Corridor Definition: A high-capacity railway corridor exclusively for freight trains to reduce logistics cost and decongest... Learn More → Depreciation Definition: The decline in value of fixed capital assets due to wear and tear or... Learn More → Dhamma Mahamattas Definition: Special officers appointed by Ashoka in his 14th regnal year to propagate Dhamma and... Learn More → Dharma Definition: In the Vedic context, this denoted the obligation and discharge of one’s duties toward... Learn More → Dholavira A major IVC city located in the Rann of Kutch in Gujarat. Prelims Pointer: Unlike most... Learn More → DigiLocker A flagship initiative of the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) providing a secure... Learn More → Digital Arrest A sophisticated cyber scam where fraudsters impersonate law enforcement or government officials via fake video... Learn More → Digital India Definition: An umbrella programme to transform India into a digitally empowered society.Key Prelims Traps:Launched in... Learn More → Disinflation Definition: Disinflation is a slowdown in the rate of inflation, meaning prices rise but at... Learn More → Domestic Systemically Important Banks Definition: Banks classified as ‘Too Big To Fail’ whose failure could severely impact the financial... Learn More → E e-NAM Definition: e-NAM (National Agriculture Market) is a pan-India electronic trading platform integrating APMC mandis to... Learn More → E-Way Bill Definition: An electronic document required for movement of goods under GST.Key Points for Prelims:• Mandatory... Learn More → Effective Revenue Deficit Definition: Introduced in Budget 2011–12, ERD excludes grants given for creation of capital assets from... Learn More → EPC Model Definition: Engineering, Procurement, and Construction model where government bears full project risk.Key Prelims Traps:No private... Learn More → Equalisation Levy Definition: A direct tax on specified digital services provided by non-resident companies.Key Points for Prelims:•... Learn More → F Fair and Remunerative Price Definition: Fair and Remunerative Price (FRP) is the minimum statutory price that sugar mills must... Learn More → Fertigation Definition: Fertigation is the application of fertilizers through an irrigation system, most commonly drip irrigation.Key... Learn More → Financial Inclusion Index Definition: RBI composite index measuring financial inclusion. Key Pointers: • No base year. • Usage has highest weight. •... Learn More → Fiscal Deficit Definition: The gap between the government’s total expenditure and its total receipts excluding borrowings. It... Learn More → Fiscal Drag Definition: A situation where inflation and income growth push taxpayers into higher tax brackets, increasing... Learn More → G Gahapati A wealthy householder or landowner who controlled land and resources. They often employed slaves (dasa)... Learn More → GDP Definition: Gross Domestic Production - The total market value of all final goods and services... Learn More → GDP Deflator Definition: An index measuring the average price level of all goods and services included in... Learn More → General Anti-Avoidance Rules Definition: Rules empowering tax authorities to deny tax benefits from arrangements made solely for tax... Learn More → Gini Coefficient vs Palma Ratio Definition: Measures of income inequality.Key Pointers:• India uses consumption-based Gini.• Palma focuses on extremes.• Wealth... Learn More → Global Capability Centers Definition: Offshore units established by MNCs to manage critical business functions such as IT, R&D,... Learn More → Goldilocks Economy Definition: An economic condition where growth is steady and optimal, inflation is low, and monetary... Learn More → Gramabhojaka The village headman in the northern part of the subcontinent. The post was often hereditary;... Learn More → Greedflation Definition: Greedflation occurs when firms raise prices beyond cost increases to expand profit margins during... Learn More → Green GDP Definition: GDP adjusted for environmental degradation and depletion of natural resources.Key Pointers:• Accounts for environmental... Learn More → Gross National Product Definition: The total market value of final goods and services produced by a country’s residents,... Learn More → Gross Value Added Definition: The value of output minus intermediate consumption, representing contribution of factors of production. Key Pointers: •... Learn More → GSAT-7R A next-generation military communication satellite developed by ISRO, intended to replace the aging GSAT-7A. Also referred... Learn More → GST Compensation Cess Definition: A cess levied on luxury and demerit goods to compensate states for GST revenue... Learn More → H Harrod-Domar Model Definition: An economic growth model that links growth to savings rate and capital-output ratio. It... Learn More → Headline Inflation Definition: Headline inflation measures the total inflation within an economy, including all commodities such as... Learn More → Hindu Rate of Growth Definition: A term describing India’s low growth rate (~3.5%) before economic reforms.Key Points for Prelims:•... Learn More → Homo sapiens - The species of anatomically modern humans that evolved in Africa around 300,000 years ago.-... Learn More → Human Capital Definition: Human capital refers to the stock of skills, knowledge, health, and abilities embodied in... Learn More → Hybrid Annuity Model Definition: A PPP model combining EPC and BOT, where government shares construction cost and traffic... Learn More → I Inclusive Growth Definition: Growth strategy ensuring benefits reach all sections of society.Key Points for Prelims:• Theme of... Learn More → Incremental Capital Output Ratio Definition: Incremental Capital Output Ratio (ICOR) measures the additional capital required to produce an additional... Learn More → Indicative Planning Definition: A form of planning where the state sets broad targets and acts as a... Learn More → Inflation Premium Definition: Inflation premium is the extra return demanded by investors to compensate for the erosion... Learn More → Inflation Tax Definition: Inflation tax refers to the loss of purchasing power faced by people holding cash... Learn More → Input Tax Credit Definition: A GST provision allowing businesses to claim credit for tax paid on inputs used... Learn More → Integrated Farming System Definition: Integrated Farming System (IFS) combines crop farming with allied activities like livestock, fisheries, and... Learn More → International Civil Aviation Organization A specialized UN agency established in 1944 that facilitates global cooperation in civil aviation. India was... Learn More → International Solar Alliance Definition: A treaty-based intergovernmental organization promoting solar energy.Key Prelims Traps:Headquarters in Gurugram.India and France are... Learn More → Inverted Duty Structure Definition: A situation where tax rate on inputs is higher than tax rate on finished... Learn More → InvITs Definition: Infrastructure Investment Trusts are pooled investment vehicles for infrastructure assets.Key Prelims Traps:Regulated by SEBI.Used... Learn More → J Jobless Growth Definition: Economic growth without proportional employment generation.Key Pointers:• Common in capital-intensive growth phases.• Productivity growth... Learn More → Load More
